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'115254' |
catid |
'307' |
title |
'如何蒸汽牛奶爲咖啡拿鐵?蒸汽牛奶和泡沫牛奶比例多少適合拉花?' |
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'如何,蒸汽,牛奶,咖啡,拿鐵,泡沫,比例,多少,適合,拉花,' |
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'專業咖啡知識交流 更多咖啡豆資訊 請關注咖啡工房(微信公衆號cafe_style ) 咖啡知識--如何用機器蒸汽管打奶泡 牛奶加咖啡的Caffe Latte雖是意大利文,但這種飲料卻不是老義發明的,拿鐵的源頭可溯自土耳其鄂圖曼帝國與維也納的戰爭。一六八三年默罕默德四' |
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'2018-01-25 16:25:06' |
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'2018-01-25 16:25:58' |
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'<img alt="" src="/uploads/allimg/180125/3-1P125162544920.png" style="width: 602px; height: 600px;" /><br />
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<font style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; zoom: 1; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">專業咖啡知識交流 更多咖啡豆資訊 請關注咖啡工房(微信公衆號cafe_style )</font></h2>
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<a href="http://m.gafei.com/views-1892">咖啡知識--如何用機器蒸汽管打奶泡</a></li>
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牛奶加咖啡的Caffe' Latte雖是意大利文,但這種飲料卻不是老義發明的,拿鐵的源頭可溯自土耳其鄂圖曼帝國與維也納的戰爭。一六八三年默罕默德四世的回教大軍圍攻維也納,戰況緊急,困在維也納城裏的基督徒決定向波蘭討救兵,但必須先找出一名會講土耳其話的信差,纔有可能瞞過城外的土耳其大軍。曾在土耳其經商多年的維也納人柯奇斯基(Fanz George Kolschitsky )請纓上陣,他以流利的土耳其語騙過敵軍,並遊過多瑙河向波蘭國王求救,基督大軍開抵維也納趕走了土耳其人。</div>
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土耳其大軍愴惶撤退卻留下大批物資,包括黃金、牛隻馬匹和駱駝,以及數十麻袋的咖啡豆。當時維也納人不知麻袋裏的咖啡是何物,以爲是牲畜的飼料,因此論功行賞時,沒有人理會不起眼的咖啡豆,唯獨柯奇斯基搬走了所有的咖啡豆,因爲他曾在土耳其住過,知道如何利用咖啡豆賺大錢。</div>
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他於是開了一家藍瓶子咖啡館(Blue Bottle),起初他完全按照土耳其人不經過濾的方法泡煮咖啡,但是維也納人喝不慣帶有咖啡粉渣,又稠又焦的土耳其式咖啡,柯奇斯基靈機一動,以布料來濾掉咖啡渣,再加入牛奶和蜂蜜,而成了新式的提神飲料,深受維也納人歡迎。這也是牛奶首次與咖啡結合,時間約在十七世紀末至十八世紀初。當時的科技還不足以發明高壓蒸氣打奶泡的設備,但柯奇斯基咖啡加牛奶的創意也讓咖啡有更多元的喝法,成了今日Caffe' Latte的始祖。</div>
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藍瓶子咖啡館也成爲歐洲最經典的咖啡屋,許多名畫家以它爲繪畫體裁,維也納目前還珍藏多幅畫家筆下柯奇斯基招待客人圖,足見當時藍瓶子咖啡館的人氣有多旺。</div>
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拿鐵咖啡(Latte Coffee)因爲拿鐵(latte)在意大利語意思是鮮奶。在英語的世界,泛指由熱鮮奶所沖泡的咖啡。而法語單詞lait與意大利語單詞latte同義,都是指牛奶。Latte Coffee,就是所謂加了牛奶的咖啡,通常直接翻譯爲“拿鐵咖啡”。至於法文的Cafe au Lait就是咖啡加牛奶,一般人則稱爲“咖啡歐蕾”、或是“歐蕾咖啡”。</div>
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直到1980年代,拿鐵咖啡一詞纔在意大利境外使用。一般的拿鐵咖啡的成分是三分之一的意式濃縮咖啡Espresso加三分之二的鮮奶,一般不加入奶泡。它與卡布奇諾相比,有更多鮮奶味道。</div>
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咖啡,牛奶、奶泡的比例爲1:2:1</div>
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拿鐵咖啡是意大利濃縮咖啡與牛奶的經典混合,意大利人也很喜歡把拿鐵作爲早餐的飲料。意大利人早晨的廚房裏,照得到陽光的爐子上通常會同時煮著咖啡和牛奶。喝拿鐵的意大利人,與其說他們喜歡意大利濃縮咖啡,不如說他們喜歡牛奶,也只有espresso才能給普普通通的牛奶帶來讓人難以忘懷的味道。</div>
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拿鐵種類 意大利式拿鐵咖啡</div>
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意大利式拿鐵咖啡(Caffè Latte)需要一小杯Espresso和一杯牛奶(150——200毫升),拿鐵咖啡中牛奶多而咖啡少,這與Cappuccino有很大不同。拿鐵咖啡做法極其簡單,就是在剛剛做好的意大利濃縮咖啡中倒入接近沸騰的牛奶。事實上,加入多少牛奶沒有一定之規,可依個人口味自由調配。</div>
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如果在熱牛奶上再加上一些打成泡沫的冷牛奶,就成了一杯美式拿鐵咖啡。星巴克的美式拿鐵就是用這種方法制成的,底部是意大利濃縮咖啡,中間是加熱到65——75℃的牛奶,最後是一層不超過半釐米的冷的牛奶泡沫。</div>
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如果不放熱牛奶,而直接在意大利濃縮咖啡上裝飾兩大勺牛奶泡沫,就成了被意大利人叫做Espresso Macchiato的瑪奇哈朵咖啡。</div>
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歐蕾咖啡</div>
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歐蕾咖啡(Café Au Lait)</div>
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歐蕾咖啡可以被看成是歐式的拿鐵咖啡,與美式拿鐵和F拿鐵都不太相同。</div>
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歐蕾咖啡的做法也很簡單,就是把一杯意大利濃縮咖啡和一大杯熱熱的牛奶同時倒入一個大杯子,最後在液體表面放兩勺打成泡沫的奶油。</div>
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歐蕾咖啡區別於美式拿鐵和意式拿鐵最大的特點就是它要求牛奶和濃縮咖啡一同注入杯中,牛奶和咖啡在第一時間相遇,碰撞出的是一種閒適自由的心情。</div>
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法國人是歐蕾咖啡最熱情的擁護者,你在法國入的早餐桌上會看到肚子圓圓的歐蕾杯,裏面盛的是他們一天好心情的源泉。</div>
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有趣的是,比較所有的咖啡杯,可能法國人用來盛歐蕾咖啡的杯子是最大號的。</div>
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拿鐵是最爲國人熟悉的意式咖啡品項.它是在沉厚濃郁的ESPRESSO中,加進等比例,甚至更多牛奶的花式咖啡.有了牛奶的溫潤調味,讓原本甘苦的咖啡變得柔滑香甜\\甘美濃郁,就連不習慣喝咖啡的人,也難敵拿鐵芳美的滋味.和卡布奇諾一樣,拿鐵因爲含有多量的牛奶而適合在早晨飲用.意大利人也喜歡拿它來暖胃,搭配早餐用.很多人搞不清楚拿鐵,歐蕾之間的關係,其實拿鐵是意大利式的牛奶咖啡,以機器蒸汽的方式來蒸熱牛奶,而歐蕾則是法式咖啡,他們用火將牛奶煮熱,口感都是一泒的溫潤滑美.</div>
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作法:使用器具與材料.</div>
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深烘焙的咖啡豆適量(以馬克杯標準制作的話,單杯約爲7毫升咖啡粉)</div>
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意式專用咖啡機</div>
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糖漿</div>
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1.以熱水浸泡杯子(溫杯),使其溫度上升後再倒掉多餘的水分使用。更簡單的方法是將咖啡杯置於意式咖啡機熱量放置區,萃取濃縮時杯子的溫度已經達到足夠的要求。</div>
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2.將深烘焙的咖啡豆研磨後,將咖啡粉倒進填壓器內用壓粉器將咖啡壓平,再將填壓器扣住意式咖啡機萃取口,萃取出ESPRESSO。萃取時注意將萃取口儘量貼住馬克杯壁,這樣能使ESPRESSO的油脂形成得更具完備。萃取時間根據填壓實際情況來看,一般爲20——25秒不定。萃取的量爲30ml。</div>
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3.如果是做原味拿鐵,可在萃取好的ESPRESSO中加入巧克力糖漿,依據個人口味,一般6——8毫升比較適中。如果做其他口味的拿鐵,如香草拿鐵,就放入香草糖漿,注意點如前。</div>
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3.取適量牛奶,將其置於意式濃縮咖啡機的蒸汽噴嘴下,使其製作成高溫的牛奶與奶泡混合體。溫度儘量控制好,超過90度可能會造成牛奶的沸騰,這樣奶泡會全部被破壞掉。</div>
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4.將牛奶和奶泡混合體上下抖動,使奶泡儘可能集中在上方,這樣比較容易控制好比例。將較粗的奶泡用勺刮掉,較粗的奶泡會破壞口感,對最終的成品咖啡外形也產生影響。.</div>
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5.將合適比例的牛奶和奶泡混合體搖勻,使奶泡與牛奶完全融合。</div>
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6.最後將牛奶和奶泡均勻體倒入 ESPRESSO中,控制流量進行拉花,這樣就完成了一杯意式拿鐵。</div>
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咖啡小常識:</div>
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什麼是Espresso?</div>
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Espresso指的是一種以高壓來衝煮咖啡的方法。這種Espresso的咖啡沖泡法源自意大利,由於需要以高壓來加促萃取咖啡中的成份,因此所煮出來的咖啡呈現的是較濃稠的深褐色液體。而我們稱之爲意大利濃縮咖啡。</div>
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什麼是Latte?</div>
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Latte有人翻成 [拿鐵] ,也有人譯爲 [那堤] ,什麼是Latte呢?在意大利文中就Latte是牛奶的意思。Latte咖啡就是以二份牛奶,一份Espresso的比例所混和而成的一種咖啡。這種富含奶味的Latte,是意大利人最</div>
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愛喝咖啡之一。同樣的 [歐雷咖啡] 是法國人的說法,Cafe au lait 就是牛奶咖啡的意思。</div>
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卡布奇諾Cappuccino的配方</div>
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一份Espresso,在加上一份的蒸氣打泡過的牛奶與牛奶泡沫,最後在配上適量的肉桂粉或巧克力粉,就成爲一杯香濃的Cappuccino了!與其它咖啡不同的,Cappuccino事先將糖放在杯底,在依序倒入熱的Espresso、牛奶與泡沫。據說,Cappuccino是一位傳教士所發現的喝法,咖啡的中文命名是取它的音而來的。</div>
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什麼是Mocha咖啡?</div>
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一份Espresso一份苦巧克力,在加上一份熱牛奶,就成爲所爲的Mocha咖啡囉!在品嚐摩卡時 ,你可以依照各人喜好將入糖的量,摩卡咖啡的主要,是再於品嚐咖啡與巧克力香味。</div>
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