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'<center>
<img alt="what！？咖啡渣居然可以提煉生物柴油？！" src="http://p1.pstatp.com/large/10555/7426317009" /></center>
<p>
據國外媒體報道，咖啡不僅可以當下午茶給你充飢，還能變成生物燃料，驅動你的汽車。這個說法出自美國內華達大學科學家的一項研究，美國科學家研究發現煮過的咖啡渣也能用來提煉生物柴油。此研究成果發表在12月刊的美國化學學會的《農業和食品化學雜誌》(Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry)上。</p>
<p>
研究者們在發表的文章上稱，用咖啡渣製作柴油的技術並不困難，用化學溶劑就能提取。據美國農業部統計，全球每年有160多億磅(1磅約合0.4536千克)的咖啡產出，而咖啡殘渣中含有11%—20%的生物油。因此，科學家估計，每年的咖啡殘渣可以提供超過3.4億加侖的生物柴油。</p>
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<img alt="what！？咖啡渣居然可以提煉生物柴油？！" src="http://p3.pstatp.com/large/10557/6152268889" /></center>
<p>
內華達大學工程學教授馬諾·米斯拉、娜拉斯姆哈羅·孔達莫迪和蘇三塔·莫哈帕特拉三人共同進行了這項研究。科學家幾十年來一直知道咖啡中有生物油，但米斯拉他們是首次對咖啡粉進行科學分析的人。米斯拉和同伴們認爲，煮過的咖啡渣中可能含有一定量的生物油可用。於是，他們跑去幾家星巴克咖啡店，總共收集了50磅的咖啡渣，用烤箱烘乾了它們，之後將它們放入溶劑中，從中提煉出油來。而這些溶劑可以再利用，殘渣還可用作肥料、乙醇原料和燃料球芯塊。</p>
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<img alt="what！？咖啡渣居然可以提煉生物柴油？！" src="http://p3.pstatp.com/large/10557/6152470729" /></center>
<p>
經研究發現，咖啡渣中生物油含量大約達到了15%，比不上大豆、油菜籽和棕櫚油。但咖啡油更加穩定，因爲它含有更多的抗氧化成分。米斯拉博士說，整個過程耗費的能量並不多。他們估計，這樣製作出來的生物柴油可以賣到每加侖約1美元的價錢。</p>
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<img alt="what！？咖啡渣居然可以提煉生物柴油？！" src="http://p3.pstatp.com/large/10557/6152604720" /></center>
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不過米斯拉博士也表示，咖啡渣提煉生物柴油存在一個問題，就是不能高效率收集咖啡渣，因此大規模化生產估計有問題。幾位研究員計劃明年建立起一座小型試點咖啡循環系統，專門從星巴克咖啡店獲取咖啡渣，再將它們送往生物柴油加工廠。然而，即使整個世界上的咖啡渣都被用來生產生物柴油，其生物柴油產量也不及美國每年所耗費柴油量的1%。</p>
<p>
米斯拉博士說：“用咖啡渣生產柴油並不能取代汽油來解決世界能源問題，但熱牛奶咖啡有一天會減少我們對環境的影響。而且，我們的目標是利用廢棄材料，將其轉化爲有用的燃料。”況且，咖啡渣生產的生物柴油還有一個好處，就是：用咖啡渣生產燃料，汽車尾氣中都會含有咖啡的濃香。(來源：網易探索 尼特)</p>
<p>
文章來源於《農業和食品化學雜誌》(Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry)，56 (24), pp 11757–11760，Narasimharao Kondamudi，Mano Misra)</p>
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