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'<span style="font-size:14px;"><img alt="" src="/uploads/allimg/181002/3-1Q002094950107.jpg" /></span><br />
<h2 style="padding: 0px 0px 0px 28px; margin: 0px 0px 0.8em; outline: 0px; zoom: 1; font-size: 19px; font-weight: normal; caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); box-sizing: border-box; border-width: 0px 0px 2px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(80, 193, 233); font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 30px; font-family: "ヒラギノ角ゴ Pro W3", "Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro", メイリオ, Meiryo, "MS Pゴシック", sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; position: relative; width: auto;">
<span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; zoom: 1;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; zoom: 1;"><font style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; zoom: 1; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">專業咖啡知識交流 更多咖啡豆資訊 請關注咖啡工房(微信公衆號cafe_style )</font></span></span></span></h2>
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<span style="font-size:14px;">“第三波咖啡潮”這個詞出現,本質包含了精品、直接貿易、永續、淺烘焙、創新沖泡法。鑑賞是核心,製造和行銷是背景,透過職人的故事與教育(土質、環境、製程)讓味蕾挑剔的愛好者明白手中的香醇有多特殊,而烘焙家與咖啡館都是重視社羣的獨立小商。</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;">也許你聽過挪威的個人咖啡消費量(年平均9.9公斤)位居全球第2,可是被譽爲北歐咖啡朝聖地的首都奧斯陸,卓越之處並非以量取勝。</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;">“Lonely Planet 孤獨星球”評選世界最極致的淺烘焙果香咖啡在此;CNN指出挪威正在改變人們喝咖啡的型態。此外,以獨特風格吸引倫敦、紐約、洛杉磯、東京、哥本哈根追隨的墨爾本咖啡文化,正藉由設立澳大利亞第一間共用烘焙工作坊 Bureaux Collective 指導獨立咖啡館開發“自家特調”(house blend),其創辦人瓦尼(Tim Varney)就是師承挪威的世界咖啡師冠軍及歐洲最佳烘豆大師溫岱保(Tim Wendelboe)。</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"><strong>我們不禁好奇:奧斯陸的咖啡文化到底具備哪些實力足以引領世界趨勢?</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"><strong>第三波咖啡潮的領先者</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;">2002年,“Third Wave Coffee 第三波咖啡潮”這個詞出現,本質包含了精品、直接貿易、永續、淺烘焙、創新沖泡法。鑑賞是核心,製造和行銷是背景,透過職人的故事與教育(土質、環境、製程)讓味蕾挑剔的愛好者明白手中的香醇有多特殊,而烘焙家與咖啡館都是重視社羣的獨立小商。許多人問:精品咖啡等於第三波咖啡潮嗎?簡單講不是。</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;">第三波咖啡潮是一種體驗經濟,供應的是精品咖啡。當其他城市的業者纔剛踏上第三波,挪威的咖啡文化早已奠基在這種本質上發展多年。1998年第一任歐洲精品咖啡協會(精品咖啡協會的前身)的主席是挪威人卡拉馬(Alf Kramer),制定了“世界咖啡師大賽”的模式與流程。創業於1895年的Stockfleth’s 是挪威的咖啡巨人,培育出許多世界級與國家級的冠軍,幕後的主人之ㄧ是挪威最大的烘焙廠Solberg&Hansen,深諳季節性和直接貿易是百年來的品味驕傲。2015——2017連續榮獲挪威最佳烘豆坊的Time Wendelboe(溫岱保同名咖啡館兼烘焙學坊),成功教育顧客自己煮咖啡,排隊買豆子的人比喝咖啡的多。</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;">挪威的咖啡事業成功之路,大多從批發精品咖啡豆多年後才走到店面,顯示出民衆最在乎的是咖啡豆的品質而不是店內享受。高手雲集、經驗豐富、社羣交流緊密等優勢,使挪威順理成章站在第三波咖啡潮的最前端。</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"><strong>世界在追的挪威咖啡特色</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;">挪威人用語言強烈表達出他們每天都需要咖啡,想喝就說有“Kaffetørst 咖啡渴感”,而喝咖啡就要喝淺烘焙的。這項傳統可追溯到1861年學者兼咖啡達人亞柏容森(Peter Christen Asbjørnsen)發表的論述——“不超過160度C烘焙至淡褐色,散發出強烈卻細緻、典型純粹的香郁”。</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;">157年來,挪威人堅持的滋味與第三波咖啡潮產生共鳴,讓熟悉義式深度烘焙、加奶咖啡的人士,不得不回過頭來向他們取經。淺烘焙適合單一品種,能將豆子裏的果香和獨特韻味完全釋放,過多的烘焙反而會掩蓋細膩的味覺層次,享用微涼的純黑咖啡最能品嚐到隱藏的甜味。</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;">這種烘焙法的另一個好處是辨別原豆的瑕疵,老豆會有木頭味,劣豆會苦。無數實驗與歲月留下來的是精準記錄的烘焙曲線(roast profile,製程中溫度調配的數據),說是挪威烘焙豆的血統也不爲過。挪威咖啡文化的另一特色是樸實的衝煮技法,愛樂壓、法式濾壓壺、手衝咖啡(pour over)、滴漏式、冰滴式等,再次證明消費者偏愛透過手的技能沖泡出來的原味,保留了季節性、地方性、豆子個性。</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"><strong>米其林三星餐廳的創新咖啡</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;">溫岱保烘焙的咖啡豆不僅受到社區居民的愛戴,也是世界最棒的餐廳“Noma”以及奧斯陸米其林三星“Maaemo 大地之母”御用的品牌。呈現自然、食材、北歐文化合一的Maaemo,爲客人端上的是“turkaffe 登山咖啡”,挪威最古老的傳統喝法之一。在客人面前擺出本生燈,四周圍以新鮮的雲杉枝葉,鐵壺裏翻滾的熱水、火焰的聲響,引人回想坐在深山營火前等待一杯咖啡的安靜。水沸火止,放入粗磨咖啡粉攪拌,浸泡幾分鐘後,就能享有浮著油脂、飽滿、純淨的咖啡。既是創新,也是返樸歸真。</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;">已有達人預言未來會有第四波咖啡潮,趨向葡萄酒的世界一樣發展,侍咖啡師會出現,類似《神之雫》的故事也可能在咖啡世界裏發生。奧斯陸就像北歐設計——低調精煉,無論有多少輝煌歷史、冠軍寶座、烘焙血統或創新,一直以踏實、共享的方式,照顧著每個居民的咖啡日常。這纔是一種咖啡文化得以延續的根本力量。</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;">歷史小補充: 第一波咖啡潮發生於1960年代,爲消費者便利進行普及化,麥斯威爾、雀巢等品牌將即溶咖啡帶入居家。1971年星巴克以開拓者之姿帶動連鎖模式的崛起,帶入第二波咖啡潮,用單品、產地、多樣風味來行銷奢華體驗,把喝咖啡打造成一種社交活動。</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; zoom: 1;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; zoom: 1; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 微軟雅黑, 黑體, Arial; text-indent: 32px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">END</span></span></span></h2>
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